SW-525 RFC 2544 Test Report
This page presents the RFC 2544 benchmark test results for the Brainboxes SW-525 5-port Fast Ethernet switch. RFC 2544 defines a standardised methodology for benchmarking network interconnect devices, covering throughput, latency, frame loss rate, and back-to-back frame handling.
Testing was performed using the Xena2544 v2.97 automated test suite on 24 April 2026, with a total test duration of 3 hours 16 minutes. Tests used the IEEE default frame sizes (64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, and 1518 bytes) in a full-mesh, bidirectional topology across all 5 ports at 100 Mbps (500 Mbps aggregate, 20 bidirectional flows).
The SW-525 passed all RFC 2544 tests, sustaining full 500 Mbps aggregate line rate with zero frame loss across all 20 bidirectional flows for every IEEE-standard frame size from 64 to 1280 bytes. At 1518-byte frames, 99.69% line rate was achieved with a negligible 0.02% loss observed only at 100% offered rate.
| Test | Result |
|---|---|
| Throughput | Pass — 100% line rate (99.69% at 1518-byte), zero loss |
| Latency & Jitter | Pass — at 50% and 100% rates |
| Frame Loss Rate | Pass — 0% loss at 50% rate; ≤ 0.02% at 100% rate |
| Back-to-Back | Pass — at 50% and 100% rates |
Test Configuration
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Topology | Mesh |
| Direction | Bidirectional |
| Frame Size Type | IEEE Default |
| Frame Sizes | 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, 1518 bytes |
| Port Count | 5 |
| Port Speed | 100 Mbps (Auto-negotiated) |
| Aggregate Line Rate | 500 Mbps |
| Bidirectional Flows | 20 (full mesh) |
| Toggle Port Sync | Yes |
| Flow Creation | Stream-based |
| Test Tool | Xena2544 v2.97 |
| Test Chassis | Abyssinian (S/N 2343912) |
| Modules | Odin-1G-3S-6P (S/N 870728), Odin-10G-5S-6P-CU (S/N 650338) |
Port Configuration
| Port ID | Interface Type | Speed | Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| P-0-2-5 | SFP-E 10/100/1000M | Auto | 100 Mbps |
| P-0-6-2 | 10GBASE-T | Auto | 100 Mbps |
| P-0-6-3 | 10GBASE-T | Auto | 100 Mbps |
| P-0-6-4 | 10GBASE-T | Auto | 100 Mbps |
| P-0-6-5 | 10GBASE-T | Auto | 100 Mbps |
Throughput Test
The throughput test determines the maximum rate at which none of the offered frames are dropped by the device. Each frame size was tested for 60 seconds over 3 iterations, with a binary search from 95–100% line rate at 0.5% resolution and 0% acceptable loss.
The SW-525 achieved 100% throughput (500 Mbps aggregate line rate) with zero frame loss for all frame sizes from 64 through 1280 bytes. At 1518 bytes, the search converged to 99.688% (498.31 Mbps) with zero loss.
| Frame Size (bytes) | Offered Rate | Tx Rate (L1) | Tx Rate (L2) | Tx (Frames) | Rx (Frames) | Loss | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 100% | 499.99 Mbps | 380.95 Mbps | 44,642,400 | 44,642,400 | 0 | Pass |
| 128 | 100% | 499.98 Mbps | 432.41 Mbps | 25,336,800 | 25,336,800 | 0 | Pass |
| 256 | 100% | 499.98 Mbps | 463.75 Mbps | 13,586,400 | 13,586,400 | 0 | Pass |
| 512 | 100% | 499.99 Mbps | 481.20 Mbps | 7,048,800 | 7,048,800 | 0 | Pass |
| 1024 | 100% | 499.95 Mbps | 490.37 Mbps | 3,591,600 | 3,591,600 | 0 | Pass |
| 1280 | 100% | 499.82 Mbps | 492.13 Mbps | 2,883,600 | 2,883,600 | 0 | Pass |
| 1518 | 99.688% | 498.31 Mbps | 491.83 Mbps | 2,430,000 | 2,430,000 | 0 | Pass |
All 20 bidirectional flows in the full mesh showed identical throughput with zero loss at every frame size.
Per-Port Throughput Results
All five ports produced identical throughput in the full-mesh topology. Each port transmits 1/5 of the aggregate traffic, and receives the same.
Port P-0-2-5 (representative — all five ports identical)
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx (Frames) | Tx Rate (L1) | Tx Rate (L2) | Tx Rate (fps) | Rx (Frames) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 8,928,480 | 100 Mbps | 76.19 Mbps | 148,808 | 8,928,480 |
| 128 | 5,067,360 | 100 Mbps | 86.48 Mbps | 84,456 | 5,067,360 |
| 256 | 2,717,280 | 100 Mbps | 92.75 Mbps | 45,288 | 2,717,280 |
| 512 | 1,409,760 | 100 Mbps | 96.24 Mbps | 23,496 | 1,409,760 |
| 1024 | 718,320 | 99.99 Mbps | 98.07 Mbps | 11,972 | 718,320 |
| 1280 | 576,720 | 99.96 Mbps | 98.43 Mbps | 9,612 | 576,720 |
| 1518 | 486,000 | 99.66 Mbps | 98.37 Mbps | 8,100 | 486,000 |
Ports P-0-6-2 through P-0-6-5 — identical results
Ports P-0-6-2, P-0-6-3, P-0-6-4, and P-0-6-5 each produced the same per-port frame counts, line rates, and zero loss as P-0-2-5 above.
Latency and Jitter Test
The latency and jitter test measures forwarding delay and its variation across frame sizes. Tests were run for 60 seconds over 3 iterations using last-to-last latency mode, relative to the throughput test results. Testing was performed at both 50% and 100% of line rate.
Summary tables below show the mean of the five per-port averages, with min/max latency taken from the worst case across all ports.
Results at 50% Rate
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 8.85 | -0.154 | 25.672 | 0.050 | 13.454 | Pass |
| 128 | 15.00 | 4.969 | 42.455 | 0.086 | 30.076 | Pass |
| 256 | 27.59 | 15.209 | 70.462 | 0.177 | 47.371 | Pass |
| 512 | 55.29 | 35.687 | 160.267 | 0.286 | 102.890 | Pass |
| 1024 | 93.98 | 76.652 | 269.467 | 0.375 | 178.718 | Pass |
| 1280 | 124.99 | 97.131 | 385.957 | 0.591 | 264.329 | Pass |
| 1518 | 144.73 | 116.407 | 448.844 | 0.536 | 258.564 | Pass |
Per-Port Latency and Jitter at 50% Rate
Each port aggregates measurements from the four flows leaving it. Values are averaged over the 3 test iterations.
Port P-0-2-5
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 15.472 | 14.359 | 21.680 | 0.031 | 6.743 |
| 128 | 21.154 | 19.499 | 38.462 | 0.048 | 18.345 |
| 256 | 31.983 | 29.763 | 61.499 | 0.081 | 26.708 |
| 512 | 65.158 | 50.289 | 126.591 | 0.124 | 43.603 |
| 1024 | 94.375 | 91.335 | 183.376 | 0.192 | 91.889 |
| 1280 | 120.224 | 111.869 | 271.834 | 0.426 | 159.555 |
| 1518 | 145.987 | 131.514 | 267.480 | 0.429 | 135.652 |
Port P-0-6-2
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 7.222 | 0.038 | 19.915 | 0.052 | 11.514 |
| 128 | 12.911 | 5.154 | 38.181 | 0.090 | 22.378 |
| 256 | 24.534 | 15.393 | 70.462 | 0.182 | 47.371 |
| 512 | 53.632 | 35.888 | 127.809 | 0.312 | 83.822 |
| 1024 | 91.136 | 76.845 | 246.471 | 0.392 | 143.374 |
| 1280 | 117.325 | 97.315 | 369.343 | 0.595 | 264.329 |
| 1518 | 135.549 | 116.591 | 371.901 | 0.566 | 247.058 |
Port P-0-6-3
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 7.272 | -0.154 | 21.174 | 0.055 | 13.133 |
| 128 | 13.868 | 4.969 | 42.455 | 0.099 | 30.076 |
| 256 | 28.651 | 15.209 | 70.262 | 0.213 | 47.019 |
| 512 | 48.798 | 35.687 | 139.748 | 0.322 | 96.636 |
| 1024 | 95.404 | 76.652 | 269.467 | 0.440 | 178.718 |
| 1280 | 131.162 | 97.131 | 385.957 | 0.642 | 195.853 |
| 1518 | 141.175 | 116.407 | 448.844 | 0.609 | 244.484 |
Port P-0-6-4
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 7.317 | -0.146 | 21.094 | 0.057 | 12.829 |
| 128 | 14.244 | 4.985 | 40.739 | 0.099 | 27.526 |
| 256 | 27.027 | 15.225 | 67.167 | 0.207 | 44.036 |
| 512 | 52.744 | 35.711 | 127.328 | 0.328 | 82.748 |
| 1024 | 94.554 | 76.668 | 254.674 | 0.452 | 151.994 |
| 1280 | 129.909 | 97.147 | 299.496 | 0.660 | 192.013 |
| 1518 | 147.353 | 116.423 | 383.952 | 0.524 | 258.564 |
Port P-0-6-5
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 6.968 | 0.006 | 25.672 | 0.053 | 13.454 |
| 128 | 12.845 | 5.138 | 36.746 | 0.093 | 23.693 |
| 256 | 25.758 | 15.353 | 65.170 | 0.204 | 41.261 |
| 512 | 56.102 | 35.848 | 160.267 | 0.344 | 102.890 |
| 1024 | 94.413 | 76.797 | 246.287 | 0.398 | 159.370 |
| 1280 | 126.343 | 97.291 | 300.843 | 0.633 | 195.204 |
| 1518 | 153.595 | 116.551 | 315.789 | 0.553 | 190.730 |
Results at 100% Rate
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 11.43 | -0.154 | 22.418 | 0.012 | 14.112 | Pass |
| 128 | 20.06 | 4.977 | 44.925 | 0.019 | 12.195 | Pass |
| 256 | 41.07 | 15.209 | 94.318 | 0.018 | 22.435 | Pass |
| 512 | 68.47 | 35.703 | 126.791 | 0.024 | 42.913 | Pass |
| 1024 | 142.50 | 76.837 | 266.485 | 0.028 | 83.870 | Pass |
| 1280 | 157.65 | 97.131 | 302.295 | 0.033 | 104.349 | Pass |
| 1518 | 189.25 | 116.399 | 380.600 | 0.616 | 247.210 | Pass |
Per-Port Latency and Jitter at 100% Rate
Port P-0-2-5
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 17.826 | 14.400 | 22.418 | 0.013 | 7.216 |
| 128 | 27.298 | 19.515 | 44.925 | 0.018 | 11.842 |
| 256 | 49.140 | 29.763 | 94.318 | 0.015 | 22.090 |
| 512 | 75.480 | 50.297 | 115.494 | 0.025 | 42.560 |
| 1024 | 150.613 | 91.375 | 221.992 | 0.024 | 83.542 |
| 1280 | 172.686 | 111.869 | 302.295 | 0.028 | 104.052 |
| 1518 | 188.392 | 131.514 | 331.353 | 0.314 | 119.504 |
Port P-0-6-2
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 10.664 | 0.030 | 22.184 | 0.010 | 14.112 |
| 128 | 18.076 | 5.162 | 35.270 | 0.020 | 12.187 |
| 256 | 41.778 | 15.401 | 72.098 | 0.014 | 22.394 |
| 512 | 65.268 | 35.880 | 115.012 | 0.026 | 42.905 |
| 1024 | 145.808 | 76.837 | 220.869 | 0.049 | 83.870 |
| 1280 | 165.060 | 97.315 | 272.073 | 0.047 | 104.349 |
| 1518 | 195.640 | 116.591 | 380.600 | 0.839 | 247.210 |
Port P-0-6-3
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 9.624 | -0.154 | 21.984 | 0.010 | 13.470 |
| 128 | 17.132 | 4.977 | 32.696 | 0.019 | 12.187 |
| 256 | 35.158 | 15.209 | 52.076 | 0.019 | 22.435 |
| 512 | 68.842 | 35.703 | 109.495 | 0.023 | 42.913 |
| 1024 | 123.576 | 76.909 | 202.106 | 0.020 | 83.822 |
| 1280 | 144.982 | 97.131 | 273.156 | 0.035 | 103.676 |
| 1518 | 185.425 | 116.399 | 355.231 | 0.766 | 123.537 |
Port P-0-6-4
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 9.522 | -0.138 | 21.735 | 0.018 | 14.104 |
| 128 | 18.090 | 4.985 | 40.923 | 0.019 | 12.195 |
| 256 | 37.425 | 15.225 | 58.235 | 0.018 | 22.435 |
| 512 | 67.655 | 35.743 | 109.231 | 0.023 | 42.280 |
| 1024 | 127.583 | 76.965 | 204.704 | 0.028 | 83.830 |
| 1280 | 148.466 | 97.155 | 212.273 | 0.030 | 78.089 |
| 1518 | 187.798 | 116.415 | 314.835 | 0.555 | 123.537 |
Port P-0-6-5
| Frame Size (bytes) | Avg Latency (us) | Min Latency (us) | Max Latency (us) | Avg Jitter (us) | Max Jitter (us) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 9.497 | 0.006 | 21.391 | 0.008 | 7.072 |
| 128 | 19.711 | 5.130 | 41.484 | 0.021 | 12.195 |
| 256 | 41.872 | 15.369 | 65.812 | 0.025 | 22.435 |
| 512 | 65.128 | 35.848 | 126.791 | 0.025 | 42.905 |
| 1024 | 164.897 | 76.933 | 266.485 | 0.019 | 83.854 |
| 1280 | 157.056 | 97.299 | 273.180 | 0.024 | 104.301 |
| 1518 | 188.988 | 116.575 | 370.449 | 0.604 | 124.162 |
Frame Loss Rate Test
The frame loss rate test measures the percentage of frames that are not forwarded by the device under steady-state conditions. Each frame size was tested for 60 seconds over 3 iterations. No pass/fail criteria were configured.
At 50% rate the SW-525 achieved zero frame loss for every frame size from 64 through 1518 bytes. At 100% rate frame loss remained at 0% for 64- through 1280-byte frames; at 1518 bytes a small loss of 456 frames (0.02%) was observed across the mesh.
Results at 50% Rate
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx (Frames) | Rx (Frames) | Tx Rate (L1) | Loss (Frames) | Loss Rate | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 22,321,200 | 22,321,200 | 250 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 128 | 12,668,400 | 12,668,400 | 249.99 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 256 | 6,793,200 | 6,793,200 | 249.99 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 512 | 3,524,400 | 3,524,400 | 250 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 1024 | 1,795,200 | 1,795,200 | 249.89 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 1280 | 1,441,200 | 1,441,200 | 249.81 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 1518 | 1,218,000 | 1,218,000 | 249.77 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
Per-Port Frame Loss at 50% Rate
All five ports transmitted identical frame counts at 50% rate with zero loss across every flow.
Port P-0-2-5 (representative — all five ports identical)
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx (Frames) | Tx Rate (L1) | Tx Rate (fps) | Rx (Frames) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 4,464,240 | 50 Mbps | 74,404 | 4,464,240 |
| 128 | 2,533,680 | 50 Mbps | 42,228 | 2,533,680 |
| 256 | 1,358,640 | 50 Mbps | 22,644 | 1,358,640 |
| 512 | 704,880 | 50 Mbps | 11,748 | 704,880 |
| 1024 | 359,040 | 49.98 Mbps | 5,984 | 359,040 |
| 1280 | 288,240 | 49.96 Mbps | 4,804 | 288,240 |
| 1518 | 243,600 | 49.95 Mbps | 4,060 | 243,600 |
Ports P-0-6-2 through P-0-6-5 — identical results
All other ports transmitted the same per-port frame counts and received the same with zero loss across every flow.
Results at 100% Rate
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx (Frames) | Rx (Frames) | Tx Rate (L1) | Loss (Frames) | Loss Rate | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 44,642,400 | 44,642,400 | 499.99 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 128 | 25,336,800 | 25,336,800 | 499.98 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 256 | 13,586,400 | 13,586,400 | 499.98 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 512 | 7,048,800 | 7,048,800 | 499.99 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 1024 | 3,591,600 | 3,591,600 | 499.95 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 1280 | 2,883,600 | 2,883,600 | 499.82 Mbps | 0 | 0% | Pass |
| 1518 | 2,437,200 | 2,436,744 | 499.79 Mbps | 456 | 0.02% | Pass |
Per-Port Frame Loss at 100% Rate
At 100% rate each port offered 100 Mbps and received 100 Mbps in the full mesh. Frame loss at 1518 bytes was distributed across a small number of mesh flows and amounts to 0.02% overall.
Port P-0-2-5 (representative)
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx (Frames) | Tx Rate (L1) | Tx Rate (fps) | Rx (Frames) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 8,928,480 | 100 Mbps | 148,808 | 8,928,480 |
| 128 | 5,067,360 | 100 Mbps | 84,456 | 5,067,360 |
| 256 | 2,717,280 | 100 Mbps | 45,288 | 2,717,280 |
| 512 | 1,409,760 | 100 Mbps | 23,496 | 1,409,760 |
| 1024 | 718,320 | 99.99 Mbps | 11,972 | 718,320 |
| 1280 | 576,720 | 99.96 Mbps | 9,612 | 576,720 |
| 1518 | 487,440 | 99.96 Mbps | 8,124 | 487,440 |
Per-flow loss at 1518 bytes (100% rate)
Loss was observed only at the 1518-byte frame size and only on a subset of flows:
| Flow | Loss (Frames) |
|---|---|
| P-0-2-5 → P-0-6-2 | 55 |
| P-0-2-5 → P-0-6-3 | 65 |
| P-0-6-2 → P-0-6-3 | 52 |
| P-0-6-3 → P-0-6-2 | 59 |
| P-0-6-4 → P-0-6-2 | 56 |
| P-0-6-4 → P-0-6-3 | 57 |
| P-0-6-5 → P-0-6-2 | 57 |
| P-0-6-5 → P-0-6-3 | 57 |
| P-0-6-3 → P-0-6-4 | 2 |
| All other flows | 0 |
Back-to-Back Test
The back-to-back test measures the maximum number of frames that can be sent at a given rate without any frame loss. Each frame size was tested with a 60-second burst over 3 iterations.
Results at 50% Rate
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx Burst (Frames) | Tx Burst (Bytes) | Max Offered Rate (fps) | Max Offered Rate (Mbps) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 22,321,420 | 1,428,570,880 | 364,136 | 244.70 | Pass |
| 128 | 12,668,900 | 1,621,619,200 | 206,642 | 244.66 | Pass |
| 256 | 6,793,460 | 1,739,125,760 | 110,812 | 244.67 | Pass |
| 512 | 3,524,420 | 1,804,503,040 | 57,482 | 244.64 | Pass |
| 1024 | 1,795,960 | 1,839,063,040 | 29,781 | 248.73 | Pass |
| 1280 | 1,442,300 | 1,846,144,000 | 23,526 | 244.67 | Pass |
| 1518 | 1,219,100 | 1,850,593,800 | 19,882 | 244.63 | Pass |
Per-Port Back-to-Back at 50% Rate
Burst frames are distributed evenly across the five ports in the mesh.
Port P-0-2-5 (representative — all five ports identical)
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx Burst (Frames) | Tx Burst (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| 64 | 4,464,284 | 285,714,176 |
| 128 | 2,533,780 | 324,323,840 |
| 256 | 1,358,692 | 347,825,152 |
| 512 | 704,884 | 360,900,608 |
| 1024 | 359,192 | 367,812,608 |
| 1280 | 288,460 | 369,228,800 |
| 1518 | 243,820 | 370,118,760 |
Results at 100% Rate
At 100% rate (full 500 Mbps aggregate) every burst completed with zero frame loss.
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx Burst (Frames) | Tx Burst (Bytes) | Max Offered Rate (fps) | Max Offered Rate (Mbps) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 64 | 44,642,840 | 2,857,141,760 | 744,047 | 500 | Pass |
| 128 | 25,337,820 | 3,243,240,960 | 422,297 | 500 | Pass |
| 256 | 13,586,940 | 3,478,256,640 | 226,449 | 500 | Pass |
| 512 | 7,048,860 | 3,609,016,320 | 117,481 | 500 | Pass |
| 1024 | 3,591,940 | 3,678,146,560 | 59,866 | 500 | Pass |
| 1280 | 2,884,600 | 3,692,288,000 | 48,077 | 500 | Pass |
| 1518 | 102,473 | 155,554,520 | 40,637 | 500 | Pass |
Per-Port Back-to-Back at 100% Rate
Port P-0-2-5 (representative — all five ports identical)
| Frame Size (bytes) | Tx Burst (Frames) | Tx Burst (Bytes) |
|---|---|---|
| 64 | 8,928,568 | 571,428,352 |
| 128 | 5,067,564 | 648,648,192 |
| 256 | 2,717,388 | 695,651,328 |
| 512 | 1,409,772 | 721,803,264 |
| 1024 | 718,388 | 735,629,312 |
| 1280 | 576,920 | 738,457,600 |
| 1518 | 20,495 | 31,110,904 |
About This Test
RFC 2544 defines a standardised benchmarking methodology for network interconnect devices. The tests cover:
- Throughput — maximum rate at which no frames are lost
- Latency — forwarding delay at various frame sizes and rates
- Frame Loss Rate — percentage of frames lost under load
- Back-to-Back — maximum burst length the device can handle without loss
Testing was performed using the Xena2544 automated test suite. Each test was run for 3 iterations and results averaged to minimise measurement variance. The IEEE default frame sizes (64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, and 1518 bytes) were used throughout.