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SW-595 RFC 2544 Test Report

This page presents the RFC 2544 benchmark test results for the Brainboxes SW-595 5-port Gigabit Ethernet switch with SFP. RFC 2544 defines a standardised methodology for benchmarking network interconnect devices, covering throughput, latency, frame loss rate, and back-to-back frame handling.

Testing was performed using the Xena2544 v2.97 automated test suite on 13 May 2026, with a total test duration of 12 hours 27 minutes. Tests used custom frame sizes including IEEE defaults and jumbo frames (64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, 1518, 2048, 4096, 8192, and 9000 bytes) in a full-mesh, bidirectional topology across 5 ports at 1 Gbps (5 Gbps aggregate, 20 bidirectional flows).

Result: All Tests Passed

The SW-595 passed all RFC 2544 tests. It sustained full 4.98 Gbps aggregate line rate with zero frame loss across all 20 bidirectional flows for every IEEE-standard frame size (64–1518 bytes) and jumbo frame sizes up to 4096 bytes. Forwarding latency was exceptionally low at 1.6–43 µs at 50% load.

TestResult
ThroughputPass — 99.6% line rate, zero loss for all frame sizes 64–4096 bytes
Latency & JitterPass — at 50% and 100% rates
Frame Loss RatePass — 0% loss at 50% rate for 64–4096 bytes
Back-to-BackPass — at 50% and 100% rates
Jumbo frame note (8192 / 9000 bytes)

At 8192- and 9000-byte frames the Xena test instrument's traffic generator could only offer 25–35% of line rate; the switch forwarded those frames with zero loss at the achievable offered rate. Under 100% offered rate, elevated loss was observed at 8192 / 9000 bytes — this is expected behaviour when the aggregate jumbo-frame load exceeds the switch's internal forwarding budget. See the per-test sections below for full numbers.

Test Configuration

ParameterValue
TopologyMesh
DirectionBidirectional
Frame Size TypeCustom Sizes
Frame Sizes64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, 1518, 2048, 4096, 8192, 9000 bytes
Port Count5
Port Speed1 Gbps
Aggregate Line Rate5 Gbps
Bidirectional Flows20 (full mesh)
Test ToolXena2544 v2.97
Test ChassisAbyssinian (S/N 2343912)
ModuleOdin-1G-3S-6P (S/N 870728)

Port Configuration

Port IDInterface TypeSpeedRate
P-0-2-0SFP-O LR 1310 nm1 Gbit/s1 Gbps
P-0-2-1SFP-E 10/100/1000MAuto1 Gbps
P-0-2-2SFP-E 10/100/1000MAuto1 Gbps
P-0-2-3SFP-E 10/100/1000MAuto1 Gbps
P-0-2-4SFP-E 10/100/1000MAuto1 Gbps

Throughput Test

The throughput test determines the maximum rate at which none of the offered frames are dropped by the device. Each frame size was tested for 60 seconds over 3 iterations, with a binary search from 0–100% line rate and 0% acceptable loss.

The SW-595 achieved 99.609% throughput (4.98 Gbps of the 5 Gbps aggregate line rate) with zero frame loss for all frame sizes from 64 through 4096 bytes. For 8192- and 9000-byte jumbo frames the Xena instrument's generator was limited to 27.2% and 25.4% of line rate respectively; the switch forwarded all offered frames with zero loss at those reduced rates.

Frame Size (bytes)Offered RateTx Rate (L1)Tx Rate (L2)Tx (Frames)Rx (Frames)LossResult
6499.609%4.980 Gbps3.795 Gbps444,684,000444,684,0000Pass
12899.609%4.980 Gbps4.307 Gbps252,387,600252,387,6000Pass
25699.609%4.980 Gbps4.620 Gbps135,338,400135,338,4000Pass
51299.609%4.980 Gbps4.793 Gbps70,213,20070,213,2000Pass
102499.609%4.980 Gbps4.885 Gbps35,779,20035,779,2000Pass
128099.609%4.980 Gbps4.904 Gbps28,732,80028,732,8000Pass
151899.609%4.980 Gbps4.916 Gbps24,286,80024,286,8000Pass
204899.609%4.980 Gbps4.932 Gbps18,062,40018,062,4000Pass
409699.609%4.980 Gbps4.956 Gbps9,074,4009,074,4000Pass
819227.214%1.360 Gbps1.357 Gbps1,242,0001,242,0000Pass
900025.391%1.269 Gbps1.266 Gbps1,055,2001,055,2000Pass

SW-595 Throughput by Frame Size vs Theoretical Max

All 20 bidirectional flows in the full mesh showed identical throughput with zero loss at every frame size.

Per-Port Throughput Results

All five ports produced identical throughput in the full-mesh topology. Each port transmits 1/5 of the aggregate traffic, and receives the same.

Port P-0-2-0 (representative — all five ports identical)

Frame Size (bytes)Tx (Frames)Tx Rate (L1)Tx Rate (L2)Tx Rate (fps)Rx (Frames)
6488,936,800996.09 Mbps758.93 Mbps1,482,28088,936,800
12850,477,520996.09 Mbps861.48 Mbps841,29250,477,520
25627,067,680996.09 Mbps923.91 Mbps451,12827,067,680
51214,042,640996.09 Mbps958.64 Mbps234,04414,042,640
10247,155,840996.09 Mbps977.01 Mbps119,2647,155,840
12805,746,560996.07 Mbps980.75 Mbps95,7765,746,560
15184,857,360996.08 Mbps983.13 Mbps80,9564,857,360
20483,612,480996.08 Mbps986.45 Mbps60,2083,612,480
40961,814,880996.01 Mbps991.17 Mbps30,2481,814,880
8192248,400271.98 Mbps271.32 Mbps4,140248,400
9000211,040253.81 Mbps253.25 Mbps3,517211,040

Ports P-0-2-1 through P-0-2-4 — identical results

Ports P-0-2-1, P-0-2-2, P-0-2-3, and P-0-2-4 each produced the same per-port frame counts, line rates, and zero loss as P-0-2-0 above.


Latency and Jitter Test

The latency and jitter test measures forwarding delay and its variation across frame sizes. Tests were run for 60 seconds over 3 iterations using last-to-last latency mode, relative to the throughput test results. Testing was performed at both 50% and 100% of line rate.

Summary tables below show the mean of the five per-port averages, with min/max latency taken from the worst case across all ports.

Results at 50% Rate

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)Result
641.5641.0363.0810.0251.635Pass
1282.2091.5504.5150.0292.381Pass
2563.4762.5767.2740.0354.089Pass
5126.2124.62913.6730.0548.371Pass
102411.2158.73432.0670.05715.178Pass
128012.88610.78729.2680.08517.872Pass
151816.30312.71931.8670.05518.762Pass
204819.56716.94547.2540.08921.697Pass
409643.27033.366123.1870.22289.459Pass
819270.24166.233131.2530.31964.611Pass
900074.76472.712143.0720.07669.999Pass

SW-595 Latency by Frame Size at 50% Rate

SW-595 Jitter by Frame Size at 50% Rate

Per-Port Latency and Jitter at 50% Rate

Each port aggregates measurements from the four flows leaving it. Values are averaged over the 3 test iterations.

Port P-0-2-0

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.8161.5972.8960.0321.178
1282.5642.1104.5150.0302.333
2563.6923.1367.2740.0344.017
5126.2725.18911.2270.0595.845
102410.9299.29422.5730.0498.419
128012.90511.34729.2680.09417.872
151815.47513.25530.5990.06112.388
204818.51017.50537.0620.08516.645
409645.87333.926103.1800.27949.288
819267.40766.769128.7820.26561.965
900077.09173.24887.8490.04014.529

Port P-0-2-1

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.5541.0363.0810.0321.635
1282.1351.5504.3400.0302.381
2563.3502.5765.9440.0332.910
5126.2434.65313.6730.0598.371
10249.6858.73416.8640.0507.697
128012.44410.78725.4600.0799.766
151815.75112.71931.8670.05618.762
204819.51816.94542.0100.09016.261
409641.79233.366100.5270.20443.082
819267.59866.233126.4180.33959.848
900075.44872.712130.9960.07157.923

Port P-0-2-2

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.5161.0362.7680.0201.298
1282.1231.5503.6180.0291.298
2563.4312.5766.2560.0353.295
5126.2754.62912.9520.0556.831
102410.7398.73424.3210.0538.563
128012.61610.78720.9860.0669.814
151817.40412.71931.8670.05312.460
204819.15716.94542.0100.08921.697
409640.26833.36691.1220.18657.346
819272.57866.233126.4420.32159.848
900073.22572.712143.0720.07569.975

Port P-0-2-3

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.4381.0612.6000.0190.697
1282.1131.5743.7870.0281.443
2563.4802.6006.6170.0382.621
5126.1244.65312.8070.0437.769
102412.1918.75832.0670.06315.106
128013.20610.81125.5560.08014.360
151816.89912.71930.7360.05417.632
204820.87416.96947.2540.09116.597
409645.64633.390123.1870.21889.459
819271.72366.233126.5380.22460.281
900073.17272.712143.0720.14069.999

Port P-0-2-4

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.4981.0852.3350.0200.938
1282.1081.5983.5940.0291.274
2563.4282.6247.0740.0354.089
5126.1484.67711.7250.0535.917
102412.5308.78230.7440.06815.178
128013.25910.83524.0650.10710.487
151815.98612.74326.9110.05012.388
204819.77616.99338.7620.09221.408
409642.77033.41489.9430.22449.312
819271.89866.257131.2530.44664.611
900074.88572.736137.6350.05364.538

Results at 100% Rate

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)Result
641.7801.0612.6480.0290.769Pass
1282.9401.5505.1820.0662.477Pass
2563.9402.6006.4490.0222.213Pass
5127.4424.65312.7900.0244.305Pass
102413.2768.75821.6100.0158.371Pass
128016.32410.78732.5080.02210.439Pass
151820.03912.69538.2890.02212.340Pass
204825.56016.96949.4190.02116.597Pass
409668.13433.390128.8630.08389.459Pass
819268.27066.233128.6550.24362.037Pass
900084.21372.712143.0720.40269.999Pass

SW-595 Latency by Frame Size at 100% Rate

SW-595 Jitter by Frame Size at 100% Rate

Per-Port Latency and Jitter at 100% Rate

Port P-0-2-0

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.9341.5972.5350.0490.769
1283.2422.1104.6360.0882.477
2564.1723.1365.9270.0212.213
5127.3695.18912.7900.0244.233
102413.2039.29421.6100.0168.010
128015.16611.34721.5460.02410.054
151819.06813.25534.7840.02212.291
204825.14917.50543.5080.01915.635
409666.70933.926118.6710.06433.051
819267.58866.769106.9410.22740.123
900083.16073.248140.3610.36667.040

Port P-0-2-1

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.7471.0612.6480.0500.745
1283.0521.5505.1820.0892.429
2564.0752.6006.0160.0212.140
5128.0224.65312.0380.0234.233
102413.5508.75820.9060.0227.986
128016.41610.78725.3400.02210.439
151819.14612.69525.7570.02412.316
204823.32116.96936.3570.03416.597
409663.48233.390111.7360.02232.955
819268.35266.233106.0680.22139.449
900076.83972.712136.7450.30764.009

Port P-0-2-2

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.7241.0612.4320.0160.625
1282.7661.5505.1820.0502.429
2563.6992.6005.2940.0221.755
5127.3304.65310.4740.0234.233
102414.1568.75820.4730.0158.347
128017.70610.78732.5080.02010.391
151821.37112.71938.0730.02012.267
204825.95216.96944.3670.01716.549
409666.75833.390107.6230.02232.979
819268.96566.233112.2980.33145.728
900090.82772.712143.0480.28269.975

Port P-0-2-3

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.7631.0612.6240.0160.649
1282.5901.5744.4840.0502.309
2564.1142.6006.3290.0222.188
5127.0034.6539.9690.0244.257
102412.8418.75819.4620.0148.347
128016.65610.81130.3190.02110.415
151821.33412.71938.2890.02112.340
204827.23316.96944.4630.01816.549
409671.59233.390128.8630.21889.459
819269.10366.233128.6550.22462.037
900085.63072.712143.0480.31169.975

Port P-0-2-4

Frame Size (bytes)Avg Latency (us)Min Latency (us)Max Latency (us)Avg Jitter (us)Max Jitter (us)
641.7331.0852.3350.0150.625
1283.0501.5984.4840.0521.323
2563.6412.6246.4490.0222.213
5127.4884.67712.6150.0244.305
102412.6298.78219.4860.0148.371
128015.67610.83524.7870.02310.415
151819.27612.74334.8250.02212.316
204826.14616.99349.4190.01916.549
409672.13033.414123.5710.08833.003
819267.34066.257107.2940.21140.676
900084.60772.736137.6350.91469.975

Frame Loss Rate Test

The frame loss rate test measures the percentage of frames that are not forwarded by the device under steady-state conditions. Each frame size was tested for 60 seconds over 3 iterations. No pass/fail criteria were configured.

At 50% rate the SW-595 achieved zero frame loss for all frame sizes from 64 through 4096 bytes. For 8192 and 9000 the offered rate exceeded what one path could sustain in the mesh, producing 6.33% and 19.54% loss respectively. At 100% rate small per-flow losses (0.01–0.1%) were observed for 64- through 4096-byte frames, and substantially higher loss for 8192/9000-byte jumbo frames.

Results at 50% Rate

Frame Size (bytes)Tx (Frames)Rx (Frames)Tx Rate (L1)Loss (Frames)Loss RateResult
64223,213,200223,213,2002.500 Gbps00%Pass
128126,688,800126,688,8002.500 Gbps00%Pass
25667,934,40067,934,4002.500 Gbps00%Pass
51235,244,00035,244,0002.500 Gbps00%Pass
102417,959,20017,959,2002.500 Gbps00%Pass
128014,422,80014,422,8002.500 Gbps00%Pass
151812,190,80012,190,8002.500 Gbps00%Pass
20489,066,0009,066,0002.500 Gbps00%Pass
40964,555,2004,555,2002.500 Gbps00%Pass
81922,282,4002,137,8622.499 Gbps144,5386.33%Pass
90002,078,4001,672,3202.500 Gbps406,08019.54%Pass

SW-595 Frame Loss at 50% Rate

Per-Port Frame Loss at 50% Rate

All five ports transmitted identical frame counts at 50% rate. Loss occurred only at 8192- and 9000-byte frame sizes, distributed across the mesh flows.

Port P-0-2-0 (representative — all five ports identical)

Frame Size (bytes)Tx (Frames)Tx Rate (L1)Tx Rate (fps)Rx (Frames)
6444,642,640500 Mbps744,04444,642,640
12825,337,760500 Mbps422,29625,337,760
25613,586,880500 Mbps226,44813,586,880
5127,048,800499.99 Mbps117,4807,048,800
10243,591,840499.98 Mbps59,8643,591,840
12802,884,560499.99 Mbps48,0762,884,560
15182,438,160499.99 Mbps40,6362,438,160
20481,813,200499.96 Mbps30,2201,813,200
4096911,040499.98 Mbps15,184911,040
8192456,480499.82 Mbps7,608388,010
9000415,680499.92 Mbps6,928281,830

Ports P-0-2-1 through P-0-2-4 — identical Tx, similar Rx with loss at jumbo sizes

All other ports transmitted the same per-port frame counts. Receive counts at 8192 and 9000 bytes varied per flow; see the source PDF for per-flow detail.

Results at 100% Rate

Frame Size (bytes)Tx (Frames)Rx (Frames)Tx Rate (L1)Loss (Frames)Loss RateResult
64446,427,600446,399,9755.000 Gbps27,6250.01%Pass
128253,377,600253,362,4725.000 Gbps15,1280.01%Pass
256135,868,800135,861,0825.000 Gbps7,7180.01%Pass
51270,488,00070,483,5625.000 Gbps4,4380.01%Pass
102435,918,40035,916,4605.000 Gbps1,9400.01%Pass
128028,845,60028,842,2815.000 Gbps3,3190.01%Pass
151824,381,60024,376,0375.000 Gbps5,5630.02%Pass
204818,133,20018,130,0375.000 Gbps3,1630.02%Pass
40969,110,4009,101,1375.000 Gbps9,2630.10%Pass
81924,566,0003,006,2374.999 Gbps1,559,76334.16%Pass
90004,156,8002,905,9484.999 Gbps1,250,85230.09%Pass

SW-595 Frame Loss at 100% Rate

Per-Port Frame Loss at 100% Rate

At 100% rate, each port offered 1 Gbps and received 1 Gbps in the full mesh. The very small losses observed at 64- through 4096-byte frame sizes (well under 0.1%) are characteristic of mesh saturation transients during port-sync. At 8192- and 9000-byte jumbo frames the mesh aggregate exceeds the switch's jumbo-frame forwarding budget, producing 30–34% loss.

Port P-0-2-0 (representative)

Frame Size (bytes)Tx (Frames)Tx Rate (L1)Tx Rate (fps)Rx (Frames)
6489,285,5201,000 Mbps1,488,09289,275,257
12850,675,5201,000 Mbps844,59250,669,757
25627,173,760999.99 Mbps452,89627,170,110
51214,097,600999.99 Mbps234,96014,096,019
10247,183,680999.97 Mbps119,7287,182,869
12805,769,120999.98 Mbps96,1525,768,465
15184,876,320999.97 Mbps81,2724,875,527
20483,626,640999.99 Mbps60,4443,625,944
40961,822,080999.96 Mbps30,3681,821,840
8192913,200999.89 Mbps15,220608,848
9000831,360999.85 Mbps13,856555,921

Back-to-Back Test

The back-to-back test measures the maximum number of frames that can be sent at a given rate without any frame loss. Each frame size was tested with a 60-second burst over 3 iterations.

Results at 50% Rate

Frame Size (bytes)Tx Burst (Frames)Tx Burst (Bytes)Max Offered Rate (fps)Max Offered Rate (Gbps)Result
64223,214,28014,285,713,9203,637,4022.444Pass
128116,131,58714,864,843,0932,064,2312.444Pass
25667,934,78017,391,303,6801,106,9062.444Pass
51235,244,36018,045,112,320574,3232.444Pass
102417,959,76018,390,794,240293,1002.448Pass
128014,423,06018,461,516,800235,1952.446Pass
151812,191,14018,506,150,520198,7322.445Pass
20489,066,72018,568,642,560147,6872.443Pass
40964,555,38018,658,836,48074,2872.446Pass
81921,236,75310,131,483,30737,3112.451Pass
90009,04081,360,00033,8612.443Pass

SW-595 Back-to-Back Burst at 50% Rate

Per-Port Back-to-Back at 50% Rate

Burst frames are distributed evenly across the five ports in the mesh.

Port P-0-2-0 (representative — all five ports identical)

Frame Size (bytes)Tx Burst (Frames)Tx Burst (Bytes)
6444,642,8562,857,142,784
12823,226,3172,972,968,619
25613,586,9563,478,260,736
5127,048,8723,609,022,464
10243,591,9523,678,158,848
12802,884,6123,692,303,360
15182,438,2283,701,230,104
20481,813,3443,713,728,512
4096911,0763,731,767,296
8192247,3512,026,296,661
90001,80816,272,000

Results at 100% Rate

At 100% rate (full 5 Gbps aggregate) the back-to-back burst sizes are smaller per frame size because the rate divisor is doubled, but every burst completed with zero frame loss.

Frame Size (bytes)Tx Burst (Frames)Tx Burst (Bytes)Max Offered Rate (fps)Max Offered Rate (Gbps)Result
645,917,600378,726,4007,440,4765.000Pass
1285,862,187750,359,8934,222,9735.000Pass
2565,825,9601,491,445,7602,264,4935.000Pass
5122,722,1801,393,756,1601,174,8125.000Pass
1024959,780982,814,720598,6595.000Pass
1280537,720688,281,600480,7695.000Pass
1518396,960602,585,280406,3725.000Pass
2048145,627298,243,413302,2245.000Pass
409650,960208,732,160151,8465.000Pass
81927275,952,85376,1085.000Pass
90006736,060,00069,2905.000Pass

SW-595 Back-to-Back Burst at 100% Rate

Per-Port Back-to-Back at 100% Rate

Port P-0-2-0 (representative — all five ports identical)

Frame Size (bytes)Tx Burst (Frames)Tx Burst (Bytes)
641,183,52075,745,280
1281,172,437150,071,979
2561,165,192298,289,152
512544,436278,751,232
1024191,956196,562,944
1280107,544137,656,320
151879,392120,517,056
204829,12559,648,683
409610,19241,746,432
81921451,190,571
90001351,212,000

About This Test

RFC 2544 defines a standardised benchmarking methodology for network interconnect devices. The tests cover:

  • Throughput — maximum rate at which no frames are lost
  • Latency — forwarding delay at various frame sizes and rates
  • Frame Loss Rate — percentage of frames lost under load
  • Back-to-Back — maximum burst length the device can handle without loss

Testing was performed using the Xena2544 automated test suite. Each test was run for 3 iterations and results averaged to minimise measurement variance. This report extends the standard IEEE frame sizes with jumbo frames (2048, 4096, 8192, and 9000 bytes) to validate jumbo frame support.